2nd presidential visit to Greece in Turkish history

Recep Tayyip Erdogan has become first Turkish president to visit Greece in 65 years.

President Celal Bayar was last Turkish head of state to pay official visit to Greece in November 1952. Earlier that year, King Paul and Queen Frederica visited Turkey.

Erdogan, who last visited Greece as prime minister in 2010, was invited by President Prokopis Pavlopoulos to pay a two-day visit.

He will also meet Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras and ethnic Turks in Western Thrace.

What’s on the agenda

Turkey and Greece established a High-Level Cooperation Council in 2010, which was last held in Izmir in March 2016 when Tsipras and Prime Minister Binali Yildirim signed 54 cooperation agreements.

Next council meeting expected to be held in Thessaloniki, Greece.

Erdogan expected to discuss future cooperation in areas such as counter-terrorism, trade, transport, energy, tourism, culture, Cyprus, migration. Issues affecting minorities in both countries, Turkey’s relationship with EU also due to be mentioned.

Ethnic Turkish lawmakers in Greece

Greece’s 2015 general election saw four Turkish-Greek lawmakers returned to parliament.

Three - Ayhan Karayusuf, Mustafa Mustafa, Huseyin Zeybek - represent Tsipras’s Syriza coalition.

Syriza came first in Rhodope, Western Thrace, home to significant Turkish community.

Ilhan Ahmet, of The River party, was elected in Western Thrace’s Xanthi.

Projects on table

Three planned projects will boost economic, transport ties between neighbors.

One focuses on passenger, goods ferries between Izmir, Thessaloniki. Another is a high-speed rail link between Istanbul, Thessaloniki. Third is construction of a river bridge between Kipoi in Greece, Turkey’s Ipsala.

Economic relations

According to Turkish Central Bank, direct investment from Greece to Turkey was $6.9 billion between 2002 and August 2017. Turkish investment in Greece was $200 million over same period.

Trade volume fell by 47 percent in four years to $2.6 billion in 2016, down from $4.9 billion in 2012, according to Turkish Statistical Institute.

Decline mainly due to drop in Greek exports, which fell 66.5 percent to $1.2 billion, while Turkish exports to Greece rose 1.8 percent to $1.4 billion.

Turkey is fourth largest market for Greece exports, 12th largest importer to Greek market.

Latest bilateral visits

Yildirim, Economy Minister Nihat Zeybekci, Transport Minister Ahmet Arslan paid working visit to Athens in June.

Greek-born Deputy Prime Minister Hakan Cavusoglu visited in November, when he met ethnic Turks in Komotini, his hometown.

Pavlopoulos attended May’s Black Sea Economic Cooperation in Istanbul to mark organization’s 25th anniversary.

Greek Economy Minister Dimitri Papadimitriou attended Aegean Economic Forum in Izmir in October.

Also in October, Greece’s Foreign Minister Nikos Kotzias paid working visit to Ankara.